项目在Windows下构建，某个密码哈希加密模块使用了py-bcrypt，可惜的是官方只提供了C语言源代码，没有现成的Windows二进制包，我还翻阅了《Unofficial Windows Binaries for Python Extension Packages》也没找到现成的包，当然这个对于Linux系统不成问题，按部就班的安装就OK啦，可是Windows下遇到了些麻烦，比如error: Setup script exited with error: Unable to find vcvarsall.bat错误，于是我采用mingw32进行编译，当然如果你的电脑上没有安装mingw32，可以参考下面的步骤，[来源]：
1. 点击这里下载最新版本的MinGW，并安装。
2. 设置PATH环境变量，比如你装在C:\MinGW路径下，你需要在PATH环境变量中添加C:\MinGW\bin路径。
完成上面两步后切换到项目路径，然后运行命令python setup.py install build --compiler=mingw32，本来以为一切顺利，结果偏偏报cc1.exe: error: unrecognized command line option '-mno-cygwin'错误：
running install running bdist_egg running egg_info creating py_bcrypt.egg-info writing py_bcrypt.egg-info\PKG-INFO writing top-level names to py_bcrypt.egg-info\top_level.txt writing dependency_links to py_bcrypt.egg-info\dependency_links.txt writing manifest file 'py_bcrypt.egg-info\SOURCES.txt' reading manifest file 'py_bcrypt.egg-info\SOURCES.txt' writing manifest file 'py_bcrypt.egg-info\SOURCES.txt' installing library code to build\bdist.win-amd64\egg running install_lib running build_py creating build creating build\lib.win-amd64-2.7 creating build\lib.win-amd64-2.7\bcrypt copying bcrypt\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7\bcrypt running build_ext building 'bcrypt._bcrypt' extension creating build\temp.win-amd64-2.7 creating build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release creating build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt D:\MinGW\bin\gcc.exe -mno-cygwin -mdll -O -Wall -ID:\Python27\include -ID:\Pytho n27\PC -c bcrypt/bcrypt_python.c -o build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\bcry pt_python.o cc1.exe: error: unrecognized command line option '-mno-cygwin' error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1 |
搜索了网络，找到这么篇求助《mingw32编译安装Python第三方库失败，:unrecognized command line option ‘-mno-cygwin’》，得知-mno-cygwin参数已经不被新版本的gcc支持了，所以需要修改源代码移除这个参数：
如果你的Python27装在C盘的，那么可以打开C:\Python27\Lib\distutils\cygwinccompiler.py文件，然后找到大概322行左右下面一段：
322 323 324 325 326 327 328 | self.set_executables(compiler='gcc -mno-cygwin -O -Wall', compiler_so='gcc -mno-cygwin -mdll -O -Wall', compiler_cxx='g++ -mno-cygwin -O -Wall', linker_exe='gcc -mno-cygwin', linker_so='%s -mno-cygwin %s %s' % (self.linker_dll, shared_option, entry_point)) |
删除所有的-mno-cygwin字符串，然后保存。
好了，接下来可以继续了，重复刚才的安装命令，但是我又想错了，编译py-bcrypt出现下面的错误提示：
running install running bdist_egg running egg_info writing py_bcrypt.egg-info\PKG-INFO writing top-level names to py_bcrypt.egg-info\top_level.txt writing dependency_links to py_bcrypt.egg-info\dependency_links.txt reading manifest file 'py_bcrypt.egg-info\SOURCES.txt' writing manifest file 'py_bcrypt.egg-info\SOURCES.txt' installing library code to build\bdist.win-amd64\egg running install_lib running build_py running build_ext building 'bcrypt._bcrypt' extension D:\MinGW\bin\gcc.exe -mdll -O -Wall -ID:\Python27\include -ID:\Python27\PC -c bc rypt/bcrypt_python.c -o build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\bcrypt_python.o bcrypt/bcrypt_python.c:29:26: error: unknown type name 'u_int8_t' bcrypt/bcrypt_python.c:29:38: error: unknown type name 'u_int16_t' bcrypt/bcrypt_python.c:29:49: error: unknown type name 'u_int8_t' bcrypt/bcrypt_python.c: In function 'bcrypt_encode_salt': bcrypt/bcrypt_python.c:56:2: warning: implicit declaration of function 'encode_s alt' [-Wimplicit-function-declaration] error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1 |
重点是形如unknown type name 'u_int8_t'的错误，Windows SDK环境下没有定义这个类型，最后在stackoverflow的这篇求助《py-bcrypt installing on win 7 64bit python》找到了答案，为了能够在Windows下编译，我们还需要打一个Patch，我们可以到这里下载这个Patch。
问题又来了：Windows下如何打这个Patch呢？幸好我们可以找到Python下的一个实用脚本python-patch，下载后可以重命名为patch.py并保存到C:\Python27\Scripts(假设Python安装在C盘)下，然后运行形如命令C:\Python27\Scripts\patch.py file1.patch来打patch，注意这里的file1.patch是你刚才下载的patch文件。
打好patch后，让我们再次执行刚才的编译安装命令，结果依旧失败：
running install running bdist_egg running egg_info writing py_bcrypt.egg-info\PKG-INFO writing top-level names to py_bcrypt.egg-info\top_level.txt writing dependency_links to py_bcrypt.egg-info\dependency_links.txt reading manifest file 'py_bcrypt.egg-info\SOURCES.txt' writing manifest file 'py_bcrypt.egg-info\SOURCES.txt' installing library code to build\bdist.win-amd64\egg running install_lib running build_py running build_ext building 'bcrypt._bcrypt' extension D:\MinGW\bin\gcc.exe -mdll -O -Wall -ID:\Python27\include -ID:\Python27\PC -c bc rypt/bcrypt_python.c -o build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\bcrypt_python.o bcrypt/bcrypt_python.c: In function 'bcrypt_encode_salt': bcrypt/bcrypt_python.c:56:2: warning: pointer targets in passing argument 2 of ' encode_salt' differ in signedness [-Wpointer-sign] bcrypt/bcrypt_python.c:29:6: note: expected 'u_int8_t *' but argument is of type 'char *' D:\MinGW\bin\gcc.exe -mdll -O -Wall -ID:\Python27\include -ID:\Python27\PC -c bc rypt/blowfish.c -o build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\blowfish.o D:\MinGW\bin\gcc.exe -mdll -O -Wall -ID:\Python27\include -ID:\Python27\PC -c bc rypt/bcrypt.c -o build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\bcrypt.o writing build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\_bcrypt.def D:\MinGW\bin\gcc.exe -shared -s build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\bcrypt_p ython.o build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\blowfish.o build\temp.win-amd64- 2.7\Release\bcrypt\bcrypt.o build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\_bcrypt.def -LD:\Python27\libs -LD:\Python27\PCbuild\amd64 -lpython27 -lmsvcr90 -o build\lib .win-amd64-2.7\bcrypt\_bcrypt.pyd build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\bcrypt_python.o:bcrypt_python.c:(.text+0 x5b): undefined reference to `_imp__PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords' build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\bcrypt_python.o:bcrypt_python.c:(.text+0 x73): undefined reference to `_imp__PyExc_ValueError' build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\bcrypt_python.o:bcrypt_python.c:(.text+0 x7e): undefined reference to `_imp__PyErr_SetString' build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\bcrypt_python.o:bcrypt_python.c:(.text+0 x9e): undefined reference to `_imp__PyExc_ValueError' build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\bcrypt_python.o:bcrypt_python.c:(.text+0 xa9): undefined reference to `_imp__PyErr_SetString' build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\bcrypt_python.o:bcrypt_python.c:(.text+0 xdc): undefined reference to `_imp__PyString_FromString' build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\bcrypt_python.o:bcrypt_python.c:(.text+0 x134): undefined reference to `_imp__PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords' build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\bcrypt_python.o:bcrypt_python.c:(.text+0 x15e): undefined reference to `_imp__PyEval_SaveThread' build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\bcrypt_python.o:bcrypt_python.c:(.text+0 x177): undefined reference to `_imp__PyEval_RestoreThread' build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\bcrypt_python.o:bcrypt_python.c:(.text+0 x1b0): undefined reference to `_imp__PyExc_ValueError' build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\bcrypt_python.o:bcrypt_python.c:(.text+0 x1bb): undefined reference to `_imp__PyErr_SetString' build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\bcrypt_python.o:bcrypt_python.c:(.text+0 x1cb): undefined reference to `_imp__PyString_FromString' build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\bcrypt_python.o:bcrypt_python.c:(.text+0 x20a): undefined reference to `_imp__Py_InitModule4' build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\bcrypt\bcrypt_python.o:bcrypt_python.c:(.text+0 x223): undefined reference to `_imp__PyModule_AddStringConstant' collect2: ld returned 1 exit status error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1 |
这次出现大量的undefined reference to错误，搜索网络，然后设置C:\Python27\libs到环境变量中，错误依旧，然后我就怀疑是否和我的64位Windows 7和64位Python 27有关系了，结果还真是这个原因，最后还是使用微软的MSVC编译成功的，关于详细步骤可以参考下一篇文章。